International Journal of Gerontology
Volume 2, Issue 1 , Pages 11-17 , March 2008

Trauma Mortality Factors in the Elderly Population

  • Wen-Han Chang

      Affiliations

    • Emergency Department, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Shin-Han Tsai

      Affiliations

    • Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr Shin-Han Tsai, Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 110, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Yu-Jang Su

      Affiliations

    • Emergency Department, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Chien-Hsuan Huang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Rehabilitation, Tai-En Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Kou-Song Chang

      Affiliations

    • Emergency Department, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Cheng-Ho Tsai

      Affiliations

    • Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

,Accepted 20 December 2007.

References 

  1. Pellicane J , Byrne K , DeMaria E . Preventable complications and death from multiple organ failure among geriatric trauma victims . J Trauma . 1992;33:440–444
  2. Lonner J , Koval K . Polytrauma in the elderly . Clin Orthop Relat Res . 1995;318:136–143
  3. Smith D , Enderson B , Maull K . Trauma in the elderly: determinants of outcome . South Med J . 1990;83:171–177
  4. McCoy GF , Johnston RA , Duthie RB . Injury to the elderly in road traffic accidents . J Trauma . 1989;29:494–497
  5. Champion HR , Copes WS , Buyer D , Flanagan ME , Bain L , Sacco WJ . Major trauma in geriatric patients . Am J Public Health . 1989;79:1278–1282
  6. Finelli FC , Jonsson J , Champion HR , Morelli S , Fouty WJ . A case control study for major trauma in geriatric patients . J Trauma . 1989;29:541–548
  7. Johnson CL , Margulies DR , Kearney TJ , Hiatt JR , Shabot MM . Trauma in the elderly: an analysis of outcomes based on age . Am Surg . 1994;60:899–902
  8. Richmond TS , Kauder D , Strumpf N , Meredith T . Characteristics and outcomes of serious traumatic injury in older adults . J Am Geriatr Soc . 2002;50:215–222
  9. Knudson MM , Lieberman J , Morris JA , Cushing BM , Stubbs HA . Mortality factors in geriatric blunt trauma patients . Arch Surg . 1994;129:448–453
  10. Tornetta P , Mostafavi H , Riina J , Turen C , Reimer B , Levine R , et al.   Morbidity and mortality in elderly trauma patients . J Trauma . 1999;46:702–706
  11. van Aalst JA , Morris JA , Yates HK , Miller RS , Bass SM . Severely injured geriatric patients return to independent living: a study of factors influencing function and independence . J Trauma . 1991;31:1096–1101
  12. Oreskovich MR , Howard JD , Copass MK , Carrico CJ . Geriatric Trauma: injury patterns and outcome . J Trauma . 1984;24:565–572
  13. Scalea TM , Simon HM , Duncan AO , Atweh NA , Sclafani SJ , Phillips TF , et al.   Geriatric blunt multiple trauma: improved survival with early invasive monitoring . J Trauma . 1990;30:129–134
  14. Perdue PW , Watts DD , Kaufmann CR , Trask AL . Differences in mortality between elderly and younger adult trauma patients: geriatric status increases risk of delayed death . J Trauma . 1998;45:805–810
  15. Horst HM , Obeid FN , Sorensen VJ , Bivins BA . Factors influencing survival of elderly trauma patients . Crit Care Med . 1986;14:681–684
  16. Safih MS , Norton R , Rogers I , Gardener JP , Judson JA . Elderly trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit are different from the younger population . NZ Med J . 1999;112:402–404
  17. Hossack KF , Bruce RA . Maximal cardiac function in sedentary normal men and women: comparison of age-related changes . J Appl Physiol . 1982;53:799–804
  18. Fairman R , Rombeau JL . Physiologic problems of the elderly surgical patient . In:  Miller TA ,  Rowlands BJ editor. Physiologic Basis of Modern Surgical Care . St Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc; 1998;p. 1108–1117
  19. DeMaria E , Kenney PR , Merriam M , Casanova LA , Gann DS . Survival after trauma in geriatric patients . Ann Surg . 1987;206:738–743
  20. Zietlow SP , Capizzi PJ , Bannon MP , Farnell MB . Multisystem geriatric trauma . J Trauma . 1994;37:985–988
  21. Morris JA , MacKenzie EJ , Damiano AM , Bass SM . Mortality in trauma patients: the interaction between host factors and severity . J Trauma . 1990;30:1476–1482
  22. Hoyert DL , Arias E , Smith BL , Murphy SL , Kochanek KD . Deaths: final data for 1999 . Natl Vital Stat Rep . 2001;49:1–113
  23. Hoyert DL , Kochanek KD , Murphy SL . Deaths: final data for 1997 . Natl Vital Stat Rep . 1999;47:1–104
  24. Morris JA , MacKenzie EJ , Edelstein SL . The effect of preexisting conditions on mortality in trauma patients . JAMA . 1990;263:1942–1946
  25. van der Sluis CK , Timmer HW , Eisma WH , ten Duis HJ . Outcome in elderly injured patients: injury severity versus host factors . Injury . 1997;28:588–592
  26. Battistella FD , Din AM , Perez L . Trauma patients 75 years and older: long-term follow-up results justify aggressive management . J Trauma . 1998;48:618–624
  27. Milzman D , Boulanger B , Rodriguez A , Soderstrom CA , Mitchell KA , Magnant CM . Pre-existing disease in trauma patients: a predictor of fate independent of age and Injury Severity Score . J Trauma . 1992;2:236–243
  28. Gubler KD , Davis R , Koepsell T , Soderberg R , Maier RV , Rivara FP . Long-term survival of elderly trauma patients . Arch Surg . 1997;132:1010–1014
  29. Broos PL , Stappaerts KH , Rommens PM , Louette LK , Gruwez JA . Polytrauma in patients of 65 and over. Injury patterns and outcome . Int Surg . 1988;73:119–122
  30. Broos PL , D’Hoore A , Vanderschot P , Rommens PM , Stappaerts KH . Multiple trauma in elderly patients. Factors influencing outcome: importance of aggressive care . Injury . 1993;24:365–368
  31. Davis JW , Parks SN , Kaups KL , Gladen HE , O’Donnell-Nicol S . Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications . J Trauma . 1996;41:769–774
  32. Davis JW , Shackford SR , Holbrook TL . Base deficit as a sensitive indicator of compensated shock and tissue oxygen utilization . Surg Gynecol Obstet . 1991;173:473–476
  33. Dunham CM , Belzberg H , Lyles R , Weireter L , Skurdal D , Sullivan G , et al.   The rapid infusion system: a superior method for the resuscitation of hypovolemic trauma patients . Resuscitation . 1991;21:207–226
  34. Davis JW , Kaups KL . Base deficit in the elderly: a marker of severe injury and death . J Trauma . 1998;45:873–877
  35. McNelis J , Marini CP , Jurkiewicz A , Szomstein S , Simms HH , Ritter G , et al.   Prolonged lactate clearance is associated with increased mortality in the surgical intensive care unit . Am J Surg . 2001;182:481–485
  36. Schulman AM , Claridge JA , Young JS . Young versus old: factors affecting mortality after blunt traumatic injury . Am Surg . 2002;68:942–947
  37. Baker SP , O’Neill B , Haddon W , Long WB . The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care . J Trauma . 1974;14:187–196
  38. Shabot MM , Johnson CL . Outcome from critical care in the "oldest old" trauma patients . J Trauma . 1995;39:254–259
  39. Carrillo E , Richardson J , Malias MA , Cryer HM , Miller FB . Long term outcome of blunt trauma care in the elderly . Surg Gynecol Obstet . 1993;176:559–564
  40. Osler T , Hales K , Baack B , Bear K , Hsi K , Pathak D , et al.   Trauma in the elderly . Am J Surg . 1988;156:537–543
  41. Smith JS , Martin LF , Young WW , Macioce DP . Do trauma centers improve outcome over non-trauma centers: the evaluation of regional trauma care using discharge abstract data and patient management categories . J Trauma . 1990;30:1533–1538
  42. Vollmer DG , Torner JC , Jane JA , Sadovnic B , Charlebois D , Eisenberg HM , et al.   Age and outcome following traumatic coma: why do older patients fare worse? . J Neurosurg . 1991;75(5 Suppl):S37–S49
  43. Howard MA , Gross AS , Dacey RG , Winn HR . Acute subdural hematomas: an age-dependent clinical entity . J Neurosurg . 1989;71:858–863
  44. Reuter F . Traumatic intracranial hemorrhages in elderly people . Adv Neurosurg . 1989;17:43–48
  45. Rozzelle CJ , Wofford JL , Branch CL . Predictors of hospital mortality in older patients with subdural hematoma . J Am Geriatr Soc . 1995;43:240–244
  46. Cagetti B , Cossu M , Pau A , Rivano C , Viale G . The outcome from acute subdural and epidural intracranial haematomas in very elderly patients . Br J Neurosurg . 1992;6:227–231
  47. Kotwica Z , Jakubowski JK . Acute head injuries in the elderly. An analysis of 136 consecutive patients . Acta Neurochir (Wien) . 1992;118:98–102
  48. Amacher AL , Bybee DE . Toleration of head injury by the elderly . Neurosurgery . 1987;20:954–958
  49. Pennings JL , Bachulis BL , Simons CT , Slazinski T . Survival after severe brain injury in the aged . Arch Surg . 1993;128:787–793
  50. Ross AM , Pitts LH , Kobayashi S . Prognosticators of outcome after major head injury in the elderly . J Neurosci Nurs . 1992;24:88–93
  51. Demetriades D , Karaiskakis M , Velmahos G , Alo K , Newton E , Murray J , et al.   Effect on outcome of early intensive management of geriatric trauma patients . Br J Surg . 2002;89:1319–1322
  52. Demetriades D , Sava J , Alo K , Newton E , Velmahos GC , Murray JA , et al.   Old age as a criterion for trauma team activation . J Trauma . 2001;51:754–756
  53. Nagy KK , Smith RF , Roberts RR , Joseph KT , An GC , Bokhari F , et al.   Prognosis of penetrating trauma in elderly patients: a comparison with younger patients . J Trauma . 2000;49:190–193
  54. Godley CD , Warren RL , Sheridan RL , McCabe CJ . Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injury in adults: age over 55 years as a powerful indicator for failure . J Am Coll Surg . 1996;183:133–139
  55. Harbrecht BG , Peitzman AB , Rivera L , Heil B , Croce M , Morris JA , et al.   Contribution of age and gender to outcome of blunt splenic injury in adults: multicenter study of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma . J Trauma . 2001;51:887–895
  56. Albrecht RM , Schermer CR , Morris A . Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injuries: factors influencing success in age > 55 years . Am Surg . 2002;68:227–230
  57. Tsugawa K , Koyanagi N , Hashizume M , Ayukawa K , Wada H , Tomikawai M , et al.   New insight for management of blunt splenic trauma: significant differences between young and elderly . Hepatogastroenterology . 2002;49:1144–1149
  58. Peitzman AB , Heil B , Rivera L , Federle MB , Harbrecht BG , Clancy KD , et al.   Blunt splenic injury in adults: multi-institutional study of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma . J Trauma . 2000;49:177–187

PII: S1873-9598(08)70003-6

doi: 10.1016/S1873-9598(08)70003-6

International Journal of Gerontology
Volume 2, Issue 1 , Pages 11-17 , March 2008

Article Tools